Monday, June 20, 2011

**JP** >>> 20 June in History <<<

  • 451 – Battle of Chalons: Flavius Aetius' battles Attila the Hun. After the battle, which was inconclusive, Attila retreats, causing the Romans to interpret it as a victory.
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  • 1214 – The University of Oxford receives its charter.
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  • 1605 – After only three months as tsar, 16-year-old Feodor II of Russia was assassinated.
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  • 1631 – The sack of Baltimore: the Irish village of Baltimore is attacked by Algerian pirates.
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  • 1652 – Tarhoncu Ahmet Paşa appointed grand vezir of the Ottoman Empire, served until March 21, 1653.
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  • 1685 – Monmouth Rebellion: James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth declares himself King of England at Bridgwater.
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  • 1756 – A British garrison is imprisoned in the Black Hole of Calcutta.
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  • 1782 – The U.S. Congress adopts the Great Seal of the United States.
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  • 1787 – Oliver Ellsworth moves at the Federal Convention to call the government the United States.
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  • 1789 – Deputies of the French Third Estate take the Tennis Court Oath.
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  • 1791 – King Louis XVI of France and his immediate family begin the Flight to Varennes during The French Revolution.
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  • 1819 – The U.S. vessel SS Savannah arrives at Liverpool, England, United Kingdom. She is the first steam-propelled vessel to cross the Atlantic Ocean, although most of the journey is made under sail.
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  • 1837 – Queen Victoria succeeds to the British throne.
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  • 1840 – Samuel Morse receives the patent for the telegraph.
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  • 1862 – Barbu Catargiu, the Prime Minister of Romania, is assassinated.
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  • 1863 – American Civil War: West Virginia is admitted as the 35th U.S. state.
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  • 1877 – Alexander Graham Bell installs the world's first commercial telephone service in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
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  • 1893 – Lizzie Borden is acquitted for the murders of her father and stepmother.
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  • 1900 – Boxer Rebellion: The Imperial Chinese Army begins a 55-day siege of the Legation Quarter in Beijing, China.
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  • 1919 – 150 die at the Teatro Yaguez fire, Mayagüez, Puerto Rico.
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  • 1942 – The Holocaust: Kazimierz Piechowski and three others, dressed as members of the SS-Totenkopfverbände, steal an SS staff car and escape from the Auschwitz concentration camp.
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  • 1943 – The Detroit Race Riot breaks out and continues for three more days.
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  • 1944 – World War II: The Battle of the Philippine Sea concludes with a decisive U.S. naval victory. The lopsided naval air battle is also known as the "Great Marianas Turkey Shoot".
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  • 1944 – Continuation war: Soviet Union demands for an unconditional surrender from Finland during the beginning of partially successful Vyborg–Petrozavodsk Offensive. Finnish government declines the demand.
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  • 1948 – Toast of the Town, later The Ed Sullivan Show, makes its television debut.
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  • 1956 – A Venezuelan Super-Constellation crashes in the Atlantic Ocean off Asbury Park, New Jersey, killing 74 people.
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  • 1959 – A rare June hurricane struck Canada's Gulf of St. Lawrence killing 35.
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  • 1960 – The Mali Federation gains independence from France (it later splits into Mali and Senegal).
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  • 1963 – The so-called "red telephone" is established between the Soviet Union and the United States following the Cuban Missile Crisis.
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  • 1972 – Watergate scandal: An 18½-minute gap appears in the tape recording of the conversations between U.S. President Richard Nixon and his advisers regarding the recent arrests of his operatives while breaking into the Watergate complex.
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  • 1973 – Ezeiza massacre in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Snipers fire upon left-wing Peronists. At least 13 are killed and more than 300 are injured.
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  • 1979 – ABC News correspondent Bill Stewart is shot dead by a Nicaraguan soldier under the regime of Anastasio Somoza Debayle. The murder is caught on tape and sparked international outcry of the regime.
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  • 1982 – The Argentine base (Corbeta Uruguay) on Southern Thule surrenders to Royal Marine commandos in the final action of the Falklands War.
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  • 1990 – Asteroid Eureka is discovered.
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  • 1991 – The German parliament decides to move the capital from Bonn back to Berlin.
  • 2001 –June 20: General Pervez Musharraf assumes office of president while remaining Chief of Army Staff.
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  • 2003 – The WikiMedia Foundation is founded in St. Petersburg, Florida.
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  • 2003 –The Christian Science Monitor apologises to George Galloway for falsely alleging that he received ten million dollars from Saddam Hussein. Galloway refuses to accept the apology.
  • 2004 – India and Pakistan agreed in Qingdao, China, to extend a nuclear testing ban and to set up a hotline between their foreign secretaries aimed at preventing misunderstandings that might lead to a nuclear war.
  • 2005 – Turkey sentences Islamist extremist Metin Kaplan, the "Caliph of Cologne", to life in prison for his role in a plot to blow up the mausoleum of Kemal Ataturk.
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  • 2005 – Cedar Revolution: The Anti-Syrian bloc of Saad al-Hariri captured control of the Lebanese Legislature in the Lebanese general election of 2005, winning 72 of the 128 available seats.
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  • 2005 – A Suicide bomber in Iraq kills 13 policemen, and injured more than 100 people, in the city of Irbil, northern Iraq. BBC News
  • 2005 – Israeli-Palestinian conflict:
    • One Israeli is killed in West Bank ambush after Palestinian militants shot his car. The Islamic Jihad claimed responsibility, calling it retaliation for arrests of Islamic Jihad members. (Ynet), (Haaretz)
    • An unarmed Palestinian teenager, Ihab an-Nabahin, is shot by Israelis in a closed border area of the Gaza Strip, and killed according to Palestinian sources. (BBC) (Al-Jazeera)
    • According to the Israeli army, a Palestinian female suicide bomber was caught in the Erez Crossing, carrying explosives and a detonator in her underwear. Israeli media added that she planned to carry out a suicide bombing attack in the Soroka hospital, where she received medical treatment and was scheduled for a doctor's appointment (the army has not confirmed this.) The woman was identified as Wafa Samir Ibrahim Bass and said she was sent by the Al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades. The al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades decline to comment.
  • 2006 – The Washington Post, under the Freedom of Information Act, obtains the transcript of an investigative interview with Donald Rumsfeld. The U.S. Secretary of Defense cited poor memory, loose office procedures, and preoccupation with "the wars" as the reasons he did not know how his department nearly squandered $30 billion leasing several hundred tanker aircraft from Boeing
  • 2007 –Ehud Barak, the new Minister for Defense, states that Israel will admit "humanitarian cases" of Palestinians fleeing the Hamas-controlled Gaza Strip
  • 2009 –The United States admits its forces failed to follow their own rules in an Afghan airstrike that may have led up to 140 civilian deaths.
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  • 2010 – Israel says it will move to loosen its land blockade against the Gaza Strip, while indicating the continuation of its naval blockade against the region. (Xinhua)
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  • 2010 –Israel denies Economic Cooperation and Development Minister Dirk Niebel entry to the Gaza Strip to visit a humanitarian project co-funded by Germany during his four-day visit to the region
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  • 2010 –Jundallah's leader Abdolmalek Rigi is executed in Tehran.
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  • 2010 –At least one person is killed and tens of others are wounded during clashes between Indian paramilitary authorities and demonstrators in Kashmir. The demonstrators were protesting against a 25-year-old who is said to have been beaten to death by soldiers during a 12 June demonstration. (Aljazeera)
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  • 2010 –At least 26 people are killed and 53 other are injured during two car bombings in central Baghdad, Iraq
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  • 2010 –Michael Jackson's memorial plaque will be unveiled at a West End theatre in London on June 24. In mid-February Los Angeles coroners have released a report of his autopsy, which said his death was a homicide
  • 20 June 2011 (2011-06-20) (Monday) edit history watch
    Armed conflicts and attacks
    Arts and culture
    Business and economy
    • Euro zone finance ministers agree to seek a voluntary rollover of Greek debt by private bondholders in order to meet a substantial part of Greek funding needs. (Reuters)
    Disasters
    International Relations
    Law and crime
    Politics
    Science
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